5th century BC
From Exampleproblems
| Centuries: | 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC |
| Decades: | 00s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s |
Contents |
Overview
The 5th and 6th centuries BC are a period of philosophical brilliance among advanced civilizations. Ancient Greek philosophy develops during the 5th century BC, setting the foundation for Western ideology.
Events
- Demotic becomes the dominant script of ancient Egypt
- Persians invade Greece twice (Persian Wars)
- Battle of Marathon (490)
- 486 BCE First Buddist Council at Rejgaha, under the patronage of King Ajatasattu. Oral tradition established for the first time.
- Battle of Salamis (480)
- Athenian empire rises and falls
- Peloponnesian War
- Approximate beginning of Iron Age in northern Europe
- Buddhist monastic university at Nalanda, India established.
- spread of the Continental Celtic La Tène culture
- Insular Celtic Chariot burials in Britain
Significant persons
- Pythagoras of Samos, Greek mathematician. See Pythagorean theorem. (582 - 496 BC).
- Gautama Buddha, founding figure of Buddhism (ca. 563 - 483 BC).
- Confucius, founding figure of Confucianism (551 - 479 BC).
- Aeschylus of Athens, playwright (525 - 456 BC).
- Darius I, King of Persia (reigned 521 - 485 BC).
- Sophocles of Athens, playwright (496 - 406 BC).
- Pericles of Athens, politician (ca. 495 - 429 BC).
- Herodotus of Halicarnassus, historian (ca. 485 BC).
- Euripides of Athens, playwright (ca. 480 - 406 BC).
- Socrates of Athens, philosopher (470 - 399 BC).
- Aristophanes of Athens, playwright (ca. 446 - 385 BC).
- Darius II, king of Persia (reigned 423-404 BC)
- Ezra and Nehemiah active in Judea.
- Tollund Man, Human sacrifice victim on the Jutland Peninsula in Denmark, possibly the earliest known evidence for worship of Odin.
- Empedocles
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
Decades and years
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